天花粉-牡蛎配伍对2型糖尿病模型的药效学研究文献综述

摘 要：目前，2型糖尿病已经成为全球流行的常见病，多发病，现已成为严重危害人类健康的公共卫生问题，近10年来中国糖尿病患病率增长迅猛，至2012 年中国糖尿病患者人数达到了9240万，预计到2030年将增至1.297 亿。

糖尿病2型糖尿病发病机制主要涉及胰岛素抵抗和beta;细胞功能缺陷两个方面。

随着分子病因学研究进展，提示beta;细胞的遗传缺陷是主要的危险因素。

目前，现代中医学对糖尿病的辨证论治及用药组方，并结合现代药理研究，起到了降糖疗效。

因此从中医药中寻求安全有效的治疗糖尿病药物具有现实意义。

关键词：2型糖尿病；胰岛素抵抗；胰岛beta;细胞缺陷；发病机制Abstract: At present, type 2 diabetes has become a common and frequent disease worldwide, and has become a public health problem that seriously endangers human health. In the past 10 years, the prevalence of diabetes in China has been growing rapidly. By 2012, the number of diabetes patients in China reached 92.4 million, which is expected to increase to 129.7 million by 2030.The pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus type 2 mainly involves insulin resistance and beta cell functional defects.With advances in molecular etiology, it has been suggested that genetic defects of cells are a major risk factor.At present, modern traditional Chinese medicine on the treatment of diabetes mellitus syndrome differentiation and prescription, combined with modern pharmacological research, has played a hypoglycemic effect.Therefore, it is of practical significance to seek safe and effective diabetes drugs from traditional Chinese medicine.Key words: Type 2 diabetes;Insulin resistance;Beta cell defect of the islet;The Pathogenesis 糖尿病(Diabetes mellitus)是一种以高血糖为主要特征的高发、复杂的内分泌代谢性疾病[1]。

其中以2型糖尿病(Type2 Diabetes Mllius, T2DM)占绝大多数（90%-95%）。

T2DM是一组由于靶组织对胰岛素敏感性减弱以及胰岛B细胞缺陷而形成的，以糖、蛋白质、脂肪、水和电解质等一系列代谢紊乱为特征的代谢异常综合征。

[2]T2DM病因错综复杂，其发病机制较为模糊。

目前认为，胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance, IR)（尤其是以肌肉和脂肪为主的周围组织的胰岛素抵抗）和胰岛beta;细胞分泌胰岛素的相对缺乏在T2DM发病机制中起着主要的作用[3]。