白腐真菌来源漆酶对多酚类物质氧化聚合的催化作用文献综述

白腐真菌来源漆酶在氧化聚合中的催化作用

摘 要：漆酶是一种含有多个铜离子的氧化还原酶的家族，能够催化各种芳香族化合物的氧化，伴随着氧分子被还原为水的过程。在此过程中，它在四种底物分子被氧化的催化循环中，与空气中的氧气反应，并生成唯一的副产物，水。漆酶可以使用溶解氧作为氧化源的特性引发了人们对它的深入研究。漆酶可能是最具有复杂性的酶之一，因为它们可以催化各种底物，而且它们在相对温和的条件下反应效率很高，这一特性吸引了人们对于氧化聚合物合成的关注。本文回顾了目前关于漆酶结构的知识，以及相关的催化机理。着重介绍了近年来，漆酶作为绿色催化剂的应用以及漆酶在化学和高分子材料生物合成方面的研究进展，包括该技术的一些应用，以及使用漆酶的优点、缺点和未来的工业意义。

关键词 漆酶；氧化聚合；催化；绿色

The Catalytic Role of Laccase from White Rot Fungi in Oxidative Polymerization

Abstract: Laccase is a family of REDOX enzymes containing many copper ions, which can catalyze the oxidation of various aromatic compounds, along with the process of oxygen molecules being reduced to water. In this process, it reacts with oxygen in the air in a catalytic cycle where four substrate molecules are oxidized to produce the only by-product, water. The ability of laccase to use dissolved oxygen as a source of oxidation has led to extensive research on it. Laccase is probably one of the most complex enzymes because it catalyzes a variety of substrates and is highly efficient at reacting in relatively mild conditions, a property that has attracted attention to the synthesis of oxidized polymers. The present knowledge of laccase structure and the related catalytic mechanism were reviewed. The application of laccase as a green catalyst and the research progress of laccase in chemistry and macromolecular material biosynthesis in recent years are introduced emphatically, including some applications of this technology, advantages, disadvantages and future industrial significance of using laccase.